no need for jpeg's you can just write this down.
all scales we're talking about here are diatonic- that means there are five whole steps and two half steps. a whole step= two half steps. just in case you're not clear on what i mean, take a look at your piano/keyboard. C and D are a whole step apart- notice the black key (accidental aka sharp and/or flat, in this case C sharp or D flat) in between them. C to C sharp/Dflat is a half step, C to D is a whole step. Notice that white keys with no black key between them- B to C and E to F- are just a half step apart.
To find any major scale, just pick any key on the keyboard. Let's say you want to find C major. Put your finger on C, and then follow this scale progression, which applies for ALL major scales, regardless of what key: Whole, Whole, Half, Whole, Whole, Whole, Half. If you notice, this progression from C leads you to all the white keys, and C major is the only major scale based only on white keys. As long as you follow those steps on any key, you can put together major chords- because, in general, chords in a given key are only going to use notes from that scale- so a C major triad is just C, E, G (first, third, perfect fifth). Majors are generally happy sounding.
Like nova was mentioning, minor triads are simple but effective too. Minor scales follow a different progression: natural minor is W, H, W, W, H, W, W. As an example A relative minor is all the white keys, which you can find by following that progression. Again, once you know the scale tones, putting together chords is easy. When you hear someone talk about a 7th, or 9th, or 11th, they're talking about using the 7th, 9th, or 11th scale tone in a given scale to thicken up a chord.
Anyway the reason I posted this stuff up instead of particular chords is for people who are just getting started with theory and chords, I think this is helpful. When you're just starting out its great to know some powerful chords but without understanding scales, you'll have no idea how to create your own chords and progressions beyond what others tell you. With scales, since you know what notes are in the key you're playing in, you can really sit down for a bit and experiment with different key combinations until you find what you want.
